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Abnormal
operating
conditions
|
General
|
Environmental
conditions
that
are
unfavorable,
harmful,
or
detrimental
to or
for
the
operation
of a
crane,
such
as
excessively
high
or
low
ambient
temperatures,
exposure
to
adverse
weather,
corrosive
fumes,
dust-laden
or
moisture-laden
atmospheres,
and
hazardous
locations.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Access
platform
|
Overhead
Crane
|
A
limited
length
platform,
located
on
the
idler
girder
to
access
to
the
endtruck
wheels
only.
|
Adjustable
or
variable
voltage
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
A
method
of
Bridge
Crane
Control
by
which
the
motor
supply
voltage
can
be
adjusted.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Administrative
or
regulatory
authority
|
Regulatory
|
Governmental
agency
or,
in
the
absence
of
governmental
jurisdiction,
the
employer.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Ambient
temperature
|
General
|
The
temperature
of
the
atmosphere
surrounding
the
hoist.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
Ampacity
|
Bridge
Crane
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
The
current
carrying
capacity
expressed
in
amperes.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Appointed
|
Regulatory
|
Assigned
specific
responsibilities
by
the
employer
or
the
employer’s
representative.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Authorized
|
Regulatory
|
Appointed
by a
duly
constituted
administrative
or
regulatory
authority. (ASME
B30-17)
|
Automatic
crane
|
Overhead
Crane
|
A
crane
which
when
activated
operates
through
a
preset
cycle
or
cycles.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Automatic
dispatch
carrier
|
Monorail
|
A
carrier
which
when
activated
operates
through
a
preset
cycle
or
cycles.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Auxiliary
hoist
|
Hoist
|
A
supplemental
hoisting
unit,
usually
designed
to
handle
lighter
loads
at a
higher
sped
than
the
main
host.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Axle,
fixed
|
Drive
|
A
shaft
which
is
fixed
in
the
end
truck
and
about
which
the
wheel
revolves.
(WCH)
|
Axle,
rotating
|
Drive
|
A
shaft
which
is
fixed
in
the
wheel
and
which
rotates
on
bearings
fixed
in
the
end
truck.
(WCH)
|
B-10
bearing
life
|
General
|
The
B-lO
bearing
life
of an
anti-friction
bearing
is
the
minimum
expected
life,
in
hours,
of
9O~7o
of a
group
of
bearings
which
are
operated
at a
given
speed
and
loading.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Base
or
deck
mounted
(hoist)
|
Hoist
|
A
type
of
mounting
where
the
hoist
is
mounted
to
the
top
side
of a
horizontal
supporting
surface.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
Battery
system
(backup)
|
Below
Hook
Device
|
Batteries
used
to
guard
against
inadvertent
load
release
due
to
loss
of
primary
power
to
magnet
system.
(ASME
B30.20-1985)
|
Beam
|
Overhead
Crane
&
Hoist
|
An
overhead
standard
structural
or
specially
fabricated
shape
on
which
the
trolley
operates.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
Bearing
life
|
General
|
The
L-10
life
of an
anti-friction
bearing
is
the
minimum
expected
life,
hours,
of 90
percent
of a
group
of
bearings
which
are
operating-at
a
given
speed
and
loading.
The
average
expected
life
of
the
bearings
is
approximately
five
times
the
L-10
life.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Bearing,
lifetime
lubricated
|
General
|
An
antifriction
bearing
which
is
provided
with
seals
and a
high-stability
oxidation-resistant
grease
to
permit
operation
of
the
bearing
without
re-lubrication
for
not
less
than
the
specified
B-10
life.
|
Below
the
hook
device
|
|
|
BHN
|
General
|
Brinell
hardness
number,
measurement
of
material
hardness.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Block,
load
|
Hoist
|
The
assembly
of
hook,
swivel,
bearings,
sheaves,
pins
and
frame
suspended
from
the
hoisting
ropes.
In a
“short
type”
block,
the
hook
and
the
sheaves
are
mounted
on
the
same
member,
called
the
swivel.
In a
“long
type”
block,
the
hook
and
the
sheaves
are
mounted
on
separate
members.
(The
supporting
member
for
the
sheaves
is
called
the
sheave
pin
and
the
supporting
member
for
the
hook
is
called
the
trunnion.
(WCH)
|
Block,
upper
|
Hoist
|
A
fixed
assembly
of
sheaves,
bearings,
pins
and
frame,
located
on
the
trolley
cross
members,
and
which
supports
the
load
block
and
its
load
by
means
of
the
ropes.
(WCH)
|
Bogie
|
Overhead
Crane
|
A
short
end
truck
attached
to
the
end
of
one
girder
(or
to a
connecting
member
if
more
than
one
bogie
is
used
per
girder).
This
type
of
end
truck
is
used
when
more
than
four
wheels
are
required
on a
crane
due
to
the
design
of
the
runway.
(WCH)
|
Bogie,
equalizing
|
Hoist
|
A
short
end
truck
which
is
flexibly
connected
to
one
girder
(or
connecting
member)
by
means
of a
pin
upon
which
the
truck
can
oscillate
to
equalize
the
loading
on
the
two
truck
wheels.
This
construction
uses
a
very
rigid
end
tie
between
the
girders.
(WCH)
|
Bogie,
fixed
|
Overhead
Crane
|
A
short
end
truck
which
is
rigidly
connected
to
one
girder.
A
flexible
end
tie
is
used
between
the
girders
to
permit
equalization
of
the
wheel
loads
by
torsional
deflection
of
the
girders
and
flexing
of
the
end
tie.
(WCH)
|
Boom
(of
gantry
cranes)
|
Overhead
Crane
|
An
extension
of
the
trolley
runway
that
may
be
raised
or
retracted
to
obtain
clearance
for
gantry
travel.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Boom
(of
overhead
cranes)
|
Overhead
Crane
|
A
horizontal
member
mounted
on
the
trolley
to
permit
hoisting
and
lowering
the
load
at a
point
other
than
directly
under
the
hoist
drum
or
trolley. (ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Box
section
|
Overhead
Crane
|
The
rectangular
cross
section
of
girders,
trucks
or
other
members
enclosed
on
four
sides.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Brake
|
Overhead
Crane
&
Hoist
|
A
device,
other
than
a
motor,
used
for
retarding
or
stopping
motion
by
friction
or
power
means.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Brake,
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
Overhead
Crane
&
Hoist
|
A
method
of
Bridge
Crane
Controlling
speed
by
removing
energy
from
the
moving
body
or by
imparting
energy
in
the
opposite
direction.
(ASME
B30-16-1993)
|
Brake,
countertorque
(plugging)
|
Hoist
|
A
method
of
Bridge
Crane
Control
by
which
the
power
to
the
motor
is
reversed
to
develop
torque
in
the
direction
opposite
to
the
rotation
of
the
motor
using
the
motor
as a
generator,
with
the
energy
being
dissipated
by
resistance.
(ASME
B30-16-1993)
|
Brake,
drag
|
Overhead
Crane
&
Hoist
|
A
friction
brake
that
provides
a
continuous
retarding
force
having
no
external
Bridge
Crane
Control.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Brake,
dynamic
|
Hoist
|
A
method
of
Bridge
Crane
Controlling
speed
by
block,
load
the
assembly
of
hook
or
shackle,
swivel.
bearing,
sheaves,
sprockets.
pins,
and
frame
suspended
by
the
hoisting
rope
or
load
chain.
This
shall
include
any
appurtenances
reeved
in
the
hoisting
rope
or
load
chain.
(ASME
B30-16-1993)
|
Brake,
eddy
current
|
Overhead
Crane
&
Hoist
|
A
method
of
Bridge
Crane
Controlling
or
reducing
speed
by
means
of an
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
induction
load
brake.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Brake,
emergency
|
Overhead
Crane
|
A
method
of
decelerating
a
drive
when
power
is
not
available.
The
braking
effort
may
be
established
as a
result
of
action
by
the
operator,
or
automatically
when
power
to
the
drive
is
interrupted.(ASME
B30-17)
|
Brake,
holding
|
Overhead
Crane
&
Hoist
|
A
friction
brake
for a
hoist
that
is
automatically
applied
and
prevents
motion
when
power
to
the
brake
is
off.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Brake,
hydraulic
|
Overhead
Crane
|
A
method
of
Bridge
Crane
Controlling
or
reducing
speed
by
means
of
displacement
of a
liquid. (ASME
B30-17)
|
Brake,
mechanical
|
Overhead
Crane
&
Hoist
|
A
method
of
Bridge
Crane
Controlling
or
reducing
speed
by
friction.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Brake,
mechanical
load
|
Hoist
|
An
automatic
type
of
friction
brake
used
for
Bridge
Crane
Controlling
loads
in a
lowering
direction.
This
unidirectional
device
requires
torque
from
the
motor
or
hand
chain
wheel
to
lower
a
load
but
does
not
impose
any
additional
load
on
the
motor
or
hand
chain
wheel
when
lifting
a
load.
(ASME
B30-16-1993)
|
Brake,
parking
|
Overhead
Crane
|
A
brake
for
bridge
and
trolley
that
may
be
automatically
or
manually
applied
to
impede
horizontal
motion
by
restraining
wheel
rotation.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Brake,
pneumatic
|
Overhead
Crane
|
A
method
of
Bridge
Crane
Controlling
or
powering
a
drive
or
brake
by
means
of
compressed
gas. (ASME
B30-17)
|
Brake,
regenerative
|
Hoist
|
A
method
of
Bridge
Crane
Controlling
speed
in
which
the
electrical
energy
generated
by
the
motor
is
fed
back
into
the
power
system.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Brake,
service
|
Overhead
Crane
|
A
brake
for
bridge
or
trolley
used
by
the
operator,
during
normal
operation,
to
apply
a
retarding
force.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Branch
circuit
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
The
circuit
conductors
between
the
final
overcurrent
device
protecting
the
circuit
and
the
outlet(s).
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Breakaway
force
|
Below
Hook
Device
|
The
external
force
that
is
required
to
separate
the
vacuum
pad
or
vacuum
lifting
device
from
the
load
when
applied
perpendicular
to
the
attachment
surface.
(ASME
B30.20-1985)
|
Bridge
|
Overhead
Crane
|
That
part
of an
overhead
crane
consisting
of
girders,
trucks,
end
ties,
walkway
and
drive
mechanism
which
carries
the
trolley
and
travels
in a
direction
parallel
to
the
runway.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Bridge
(crane)
travel
|
Overhead
Crane
|
Crane
movement
in a
direction
parallel
to
the
crane
runway.
(ASME
B30.11-1993)
|
Bridge
conductors
|
Overhead
Crane
|
The
electrical
conductors
located
along
the
bridge
structure
of a
crane
to
provide
power
to
the
trolley.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Bridge
crane,
top
running
|
Overhead
Crane
|
|
Bridge
Crane,
Under
running
|
Overhead
Crane
|
|
Bridge
girder
(crane
girder)
|
Overhead
Crane
|
Crane
member
on
which
carriers
or
trolleys
travel,
horizontally
mounted
between
and
supported
by
the
end
trucks.
Building
Structure.
The
structural
members
of a
building
which
support
the
building
loads
and
on
which
the
loads
of
crane
or
monorail
equipment,
and
the
material
to be
moved,
will
be
imposed.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Bridge
rail
|
Overhead
Crane
|
The
rail
supported
by
the
bridge
girders
on
which
the
trolley
travels.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Bridge
travel
|
Overhead
Crane
|
The
crane
movement
in a
direction
parallel
to
the
crane
runway.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Bumper
(buffer)
|
Overhead
Crane
|
An
energy
absorbing
device
for
reducing
impact
when
a
moving
crane
or
trolley
reaches
the
end
of
its
permitted
travel,
or
when
two
moving
cranes
or
trolleys
come
into
contact.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Cab
|
Overhead
Crane
|
The
operator’s
compartment
on a
crane.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Cab
Bridge
Crane
Controlled
|
|
Equipment
Bridge
Crane
Controlled
from
an
operator’s
cab.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Cab,
normal
|
Overhead
Crane
|
Operator’s
compartment
used
for
Bridge
Crane
Controlling
a
cab-operated
crane.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Cab,
skeleton
|
Overhead
Crane
|
Operator’s
compartment
used
for
occasional
cab
operation
of,
normally,
a
floor-
or
remote-operated
crane
or
carrier.
(ASME
B30.11-1993)
|
Cab-operated
crane
|
Overhead
Crane
|
A
crane
Bridge
Crane
Controlled
by an
operator
in a
cab
located
on
the
bridge
or
trolley.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Camber
|
Overhead
Crane
|
The
slight
upward
vertical
curve
given
to
girders
to
compensate
partially
for
deflection
due
to
hook
load
and
weight
of
the
Crane.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Cantilever
frame
|
Overhead
Crane
|
A
structural
member
that
supports
the
trolley
of a
wall
crane.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Capacity
|
General
|
The
maximum
rated
load
(in
tons)
which
a
cranes
designed.
to
handle.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Carrier (also
known
as
trolley)
|
Hoist
|
A
unit
that
travels
on
the
bottom
flange
of a
monorail
track,
jib
boom,
or
bridge
girder
to
transport
a
load.
(ASME
B30.11-1993)
|
Carrier
(trolley)
|
Overhead
Crane
&
Hoist
|
An
assembly
with
wheels
which
will
run
on
monorail
track
or
crane
girders
and
which
will
support
a
load.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Carrier
head
|
Overhead
Crane
&
Hoist
|
A
2-wheel
assembly
used
with
load
bars
to
form
a
carrier
or
end
truck.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Ceiling
mounted
|
Hoist
|
A
type
of
hoist
mounting
where
the
hoist
is
mounted
to
the
underside
of a
horizontal
supporting
surface.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
Chain,
hand
|
Hoist
|
The
chain
grasped
by
the
operator
to
apply
force
required
for
lifting,
lowering,
or
traveling
motions.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Chain,
load
|
Hoist
|
The
load-bearing
chain
in a
hoist.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Chain,
roller
|
Hoist
|
A
series
of
alternately
assembled
roller
links
and
pin
links
in
which
the
pins
articulate
inside
the
bushings
and
the
rollers
are
free
to
turn
on
the
bushings.
Pins
and
bushings
are
press
fit
in
their
respective
link
plates.
.
(ASME
B30-16-1993)
|
Chain,
welded
link
|
Hoist
|
A
chain
consisting
of a
series
of
interwoven
links
fanned
and
welded.
(ASME
B30-16-1993)
|
Circuit
breaker
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
A
device
to
open
and
close
a
circuit
by
non-automatic
means,
and
to
open
the
circuit
automatically
on a
predetermined
overload
of
current,
without
injury
to
itself
when
properly
applied
within
its
rating.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Clamp
|
Monorail
|
A
type
of
suspension
fitting
used
to
support
tracks
from
an
overhead
structure
fastened
to
the
structure
by
means
of
pressure
rather
than
welding
or
direct
bolting.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Clearance
|
General
|
Minimum
distance
from
the
extremity
of a
crane
to
the
nearest
obstruction.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
CMAA
|
Overhead
Crane
|
Crane
Manufacturers
Association
of
America,
Inc.
(formerly
EQOI—Electric
Overhead
Crane
Institute).
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Cold
current
|
Below
hook
device
|
The
current
drawn
by
the
magnet
when
its
coil
is at
680F
(200C)
and
at
rated
voltage.
(ASME
B30.20-1985)
|
Cold
current
|
Below
hook
device
|
That
current
drawn
by
the
magnet
when
its
coil
is at
680F
(200C)
and
at
rated
voltage.
(ASME
B30.20-1985)
|
Collector,
shoe
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
The
portion
of a
collector
which
makes
contact
by
sliding
on
the
conductor
bar.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Collector,
wheel
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
The
portion
of a
collector
which
makes
contact
by
rolling
on
the
conductor
bar.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Collectors
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
Contacting
devices
for
collecting
current
from
the
runway
or
bridge
conductors.
The
mainline
collectors
are
mounted
on
the
bridge
to
transmit
current
from
the
runway
conductors,
and
the
trolley
collectors
are
mounted
on
the
trolley
to
transmit
current
from
the
bridge
conductors.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Collectors
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
Electrical
contacting
devices
providing
a
path
for
current
flow
from
stationary
conductors
to
moving
equipment.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Collectors,
current
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
Contacting
devices
for
collecting
current
from
runway
or
bridge
conductors. (ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Conductors,
bridge
|
Overhead
Crane
|
The
electrical
conductors
located
along
the
bridge
girder(s)
to
provide
power
and
Bridge
Crane
Control
circuits
to
the
trolley.
(Sometimes
incorrectly
called
trolley
conductors).
(WCH)
|
Conductors,
enclosed
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
A bar
used
to
transmit
an
electrical
current,
enclosed
in a
non-conducting
material
to
minimize
accidental
contact
with
the
conductor.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Conductors,
open
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
A bar
used
to
transmit
an
electrical
current.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Conductors,
runway
(main)
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
The
electrical
conductors
located
along
a
crane
runway
that
transmit
Bridge
Crane
Control
signals
and
power
to
the
crane.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Contactor
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
An
electromechanical
device
for
opening
and
closing
an
electric
power
circuit. (ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
Contactor,
magnetic
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
An
electro-magnetic
device
for
opening
and
closing
an
electric
power
circuit.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
actuator
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
A
manual
means
at
the
operating
station
by
which
hoist
Bridge
Crane
Controls
are
energized.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
braking
means
|
Overhead
Crane
&
Hoist
|
A
method
of
Bridge
Crane
Controlling
speed
by
removing
energy
from
the
moving
body
or by
imparting
energy
in
the
opposite
direction.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
enclosure
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
The
housing
containing
the
electrical
Bridge
Crane
Control
component.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
panel
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
See
Bridge
Crane
Control
enclosure.
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
voltage.
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
The
voltage
impressed
on
the
Bridge
Crane
Control
devices.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Bridge
Crane
Control,
multi-speed
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
A
drive
Bridge
Crane
Control
system
providing
more
than
one
speed
operation
in
either
direction
using
multi-speed
squirrel
cage.
motors.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Bridge
Crane
Control,
single
speed
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
A
drive
Bridge
Crane
Control
system
providing
one
speed
operation
in
either
direction.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Bridge
Crane
Control,
variable
speed
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
A
drive
Bridge
Crane
Control
system
providing
more
than
one
speed
operation
in
either
direction
using
wound-rotor
motors.
|
Bridge
Crane
Controller
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
A
device
for
regulating
in a
pre-determined
way
the
power
delivered
to
the
motor
or
other
equipment.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Bridge
Crane
Controller,
manual
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
A
Bridge
Crane
Controller
having
all
of
its
basic
functions
performed
by
devices
which
are
operated
by
hand.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Bridge
Crane
Controller,
spring
return
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
A
Bridge
Crane
Controller
that,
when
released,
will
return
automatically
to a
neutral
(off)
positioning,
static,
hydraulic,
pneumatic,
etc.)
that
governs
the
flow
of
power
to or
from
a
motor
or
other
equipment
in
response
to
signals
from
a
master
switch,
push-button
station,
remote
Bridge
Crane
Control,
automatic
program
Bridge
Crane
Control,
or
other
similar
device.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Countertorque
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
A
method
of
Bridge
Crane
Controlling
speed
by
applying
a
variable
motor
torque
in
the
direction
opposite
to
the
direction
that
the
motor
is
rotating
due
to
being
overhauled
by
the
load.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
Couplings
(splices)
|
|
Mechanical
devices
used
to
join
the
adjacent
ends
of
track
sections.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Cover
plate
|
Overhead
Crane
|
The
top
or
bottom
plate
of a
box
girder.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Crane
|
|
A
machine
for
lifting,
lowering,
and
moving
a
load
with
the
hoisting
mechanism
a
part
of
the
machine.
Cranes
may
be
traveling,
portable,
or
fixed
type.
Traveling
Cranes.
Cranes
that
follow
a
fixed
path
Underhung
Crane.
A
traveling
crane
with
a
movable
bridge
running
on
the
lower
flanges
of an
overhead
fixed
runway
structure
and
carrying
a
movable
or
fixed
hoisting
mechanism.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Crane
girder
|
Bridge
Crane
|
See
Bridge
Girder.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Crane
service,
heavy
|
Bridge
Crane
|
Service
that
involves
operating
at 85
to
100%
of
rated
load
or in
excess
of 10
lift
cycles/hr
as a
regular
specified
procedure.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Crane
service,
normal
|
Bridge
Crane
|
Service
that
involves
operating
at
less
than
85%
of
rated
load
and
not
more
than
10
lift
cycles/hr
except
for
isolated
instances.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Crane
service,
normal
|
Bridge
Crane
|
That
service
which
involves
operation
with
randomly
distributed
loads
within
the
rated
load
limit,
or
with
uniform
loads
of
less
than
65%
of
the
rated
load,
for
no
more
than
15%
of
the
time
of a
single
work
shift
for
manually
operated
cranes
and
25%
of
the
time
of a
single
work
shift
for
electrically
or
pneumatically
powered
cranes.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Crane
service,
severe
|
Bridge
Crane
|
Service
that
involves
normal
or
heavy
service
with
abnormal
operating
conditions. (ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Crane,
automatic
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
crane
which
when
activated
operates
through
a
preset
cycle
or
cycles.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Crane,
cab-operated
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
crane
Bridge
Crane
Controlled
by an
operator
in a
cab
attached
to
the
bridge
or
trolley
(refer
to
Fig.
1).
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Crane,
cantilever
gantry
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
gantry
or
semigantry
crane
in
which
the
bridge
girders
or
trusses
extend
transversely
beyond
the
crane
runway
on
one
or
both
sides
(refer
to
Fig.
2).
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Crane,
floor-operated
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
crane
that
is
Bridge
Crane
Controlled
by a
means
suspended
from
the
crane,
operated
by a
person
on
the
floor
or on
an
independent
platform
(refer
to
Fig.
3)
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Crane,
gantry
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
crane
similar
to an
overhead
crane,
except
that
the
bridge
for
carrying
the
trolley
or
trolleys
is
rigidly
supported
on
two
or
more
legs
running
on
fixed
rails
or
other
runway
(refer
to
Fig.
4).
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Crane,
hot
molten
material-handling
|
Bridge
Crane
|
An
overhead
crane
used
for
transporting
or
pouring
molten
material. (ASME
B30-17)
|
Crane,
manually
operated
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
crane
whose
hoist
mechanism
is
driven
by
pulling
an
endless
chain,
or
whose
travel
mechanism
is
driven
in
the
same
manner
or by
manually
moving
the
load
or
hook.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Crane,
outdoor
storage
gantry
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
gantry-type
crane
of
long
span
usually
used
for
storage
of
bulk
material
such
as
ore,
coal,
or
other
similar
items;
the
bridge
girders
or
trusses
are
rigidly
or
nonrigidly
supported
on
one
or
more
legs.
It
may
have
one
or
more
fixed
or
hinged
cantilever
ends.
.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Crane,
overhead
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
crane
with
a
single
or
multiple
girder
movable
bridge
crane
a
movable
or
fixed
hoisting
mechanism
and
traveling
on an
overhead
fixed
runway
structure.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Crane,
polar
|
Bridge
Crane
|
An
overhead
or
gantry
crane
that
travels
on a
circular
runway.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Crane,
pulpit-operated
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
crane
operated
from
a
fixed
operator
station
not
attached
to
the
crane. (ASME
B30-17)
|
Crane,
remote-operated
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
crane
Bridge
Crane
Controlled
by an
operator
who
is
not
in a
pulpit
or in
a cab
attached
to
the
crane,
by
any
method
other
than
a
means
suspended
from
the
crane. (ASME
B30-17)
|
Crane,
semi-gantry
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
gantry
with
one
end
of
the
bridge
rigidly
supported
on
one
or
more
legs
that
run
on a
fixed
rail
or
runway,
the
other
end
of
the
bridge
being
supported
by an
end
truck
running
on an
elevated
rail
or
runway.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Crane,
single-girder
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
crane
having
one
bridge
girder
mounted
between,
and
supported
from,
the
end
trucks.
(ASME
B30.11-1993)
|
Crane,
standby
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
crane
which
is
not
in
regular
service
but
which
is
used
occasionally
or
intermittently
as
required.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Crane,
wall
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
crane
having
a
cantilever
frame
with
or
without
trolley,
and
supported
from
a
side
wall
or
line
of
columns
of a
building.
It is
a
traveling
type
and
operates
on a
runway
attached
to
the
side
wall
or
columns.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Cranes,
fixed
|
Bridge
Crane
|
Cranes
which
are
non-mobile.
Derricks
and
jib
cranes
are
classified
as
fixed
cranes.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Cranes,
portable
|
Bridge
Crane
|
Cranes
having
a
revolving
superstructure
with
power
plant,
operating
machinery
and
boom
mounted
on a
fully
mobile
carriage
not
confined
to a
fixed
path.
Crawler,
locomotive
and
truck
cranes
are
classified
as
portable
cranes.
|
Creep
speed
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
A
very
slow,
constant,
continuous,
fixed
rate
of
motion
of
the
hoist,
trolley,
or
bridge:
usually
established
at 1%
to
10%
of
the
normal
full
load
speed.
(WCH)
|
Cross
shaft
|
Crane
|
The
shaft
extending
across
the
bridge,
used
to
transmit
torque
from
motor
to
bridge
drive
wheels.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Crossover.
(fixed
transfer
section)
|
Monorail
|
A
connecting
track
with
an
interlock
mechanism
on
both
ends,
mounted
between
two
interlocking
cranes,
used
to
transfer
a
carrier
from
one
bridge
to
the
other.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Crosstrack
switch
|
Monarail
|
A
track
switch
containing
one
straight
section
of
moving
track
pivoted
in
the
center
which
can
be
rotated
to
align
it
with
other
crossing
tracks
to
allow
passage
of a
carrier
through
the
junction
without
changing
the
direction
of
the
carrier
motion.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Curves
|
Monorail
|
Formed
sections
of
monorail
track
used
to
change
the
horizontal
or
vertical
direction
of
carrier
travel.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Cushioned
start
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
An
electrical
or
mechanical
method
for
reducing
the
rate
of
acceleration
of a
travel
motion.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Cushioned
start
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
An
electrical
or
mechanical
method
for
reducing
the
rate
of
acceleration
of
trolley
motion.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
Dead
loads
|
General
|
The
loads
on a
structure
which
remain
in a
fixed
position
relative
to
the
structure.
On a
crane
bridge
such
loads
include
the
girders,
footwalk,
cross
shaft,
drive
units,
panels,
etc.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Deflection
|
Bridge
Crane
|
Displacement
due
to
bending
or
twisting
in a
vertical
or
lateral
plane,
caused
by
the
imposed
live
and
dead
loads.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Designated
|
Regulatory
|
Selected
or
assigned
by
the
employer
or
the
employer’s
representative
as
being
competent
to
perform
specific
duties.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Diaphragm
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
plate
or
partition
between
opposite
parts
of a
member,
serving
a
definite
purpose
in
the
structural
design
of
the
member.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Disconnecting
means
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
A
device,
or
group
of
devices,
or
other
means
whereby
the
conductors
of a
circuit
can
be
disconnected
from
their
power
source.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Double
girder
crane
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
.crane
having
two
bridge
girders
mounted
between
and
supported
from
the
end
trucks.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Drift
point
|
Bridge
Crane
&
Hoist
|
A
point
on a
travel
motion
master
switch
or on
a
manual
Bridge
Crane
Controller
that
maintains
the
brake
released
while
the
motor
is
not
energized.
This
allows
for
coasting.
(ASME
B30.2-1990)
|
Drive
girder
|
Bridge
Crane
|
The
girder
on
which
the
bridge
drive
machinery
is
mounted.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Driving
head.
|
Bridge
Crane
&
Monorail
|
A
motordriven
carrier
head
which
is
supported
from
and
propelled
by
the
load
bearing
wheels.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Drop
section
(also
known
as
lift
section)
|
Monorail
|
A
mechanism
that
will
permit
a
section
of
track(s)
to be
lifted
or
lowered
out
of
alignment
with
the
stationary
track(s).
(ASME
B30.11-1993)
|
Drum
|
Hoist
|
The
cylindrical
member
around
which
rope
is
wound
for
lifting
or
lowering
the
load.
(ASME
B30-16-1993)
|
Dummy
cab
|
Bridge
Crane
|
An
operator’s
compartment
or
platform
on a
pendant
or
radio
Bridge
Crane
Controlled
crane,
having
no
permanently-mounted
electrical
Bridge
Crane
Controls,
in
which
an
operator
may
ride
while
Bridge
Crane
Controlling
the
crane.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Dynamic
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
A
method
of
Bridge
Crane
Controlling
speed
by
using
the
motor
as a
generator,
with
the
energy
being
dissipated
by
resistance.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
Dynamic
lowering
|
Hoist
|
A
method
of
Bridge
Crane
Control
by
which
the
hoist
motor
is so
connected
in
the
lowering
direction,
that
when
it is
over-hauled
by
the
load,
it
acts
as a
generator
and
forces
current
either
through
the
resistors
or
back
into
the
line.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Eddy
current
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
See
eddy
current
braking
|
Eddy-current
braking
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
A
method
of
Bridge
Crane
Control
by
which
the
motor
drives
through
an
electrical
induction
load
brake.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Electric
baffle
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
Conductors
that
are
wired
to
cut
off
electric
power
to
approaching
motor-driven
equipment
if
track
switches,
drop
sections,
and
other
movable
track
devices
are
not
properly
set
for
passage
of
equipment.
(ASME
B30.11-1993)
|
Electric
overhead
traveling
crane
|
Bridge
Crane
|
An
electrically
operated
machine
for
lifting,
lowering
and
transporting
loads,
consisting
of a
movable
bridge
carrying
a
fixed
or
movable
hoisting
mechanism
and
traveling
on an
overhead
runway
structure.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Electrical
braking
system
|
Hoist
|
A
method
of
Bridge
Crane
Controlling
crane
motor
speed
when
in an
overhauling
condition,
without
the
use
of
friction
braking.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Electrically
interlocked
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
An
electrical
device
in
the
starter
circuit
which
prevents
a
short
circuit
when
opposite
Bridge
Crane
Controls
are
operated
at
the
same
time.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Electrification.
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
The
track
mounted
conductor
system
by
which
the
moving
equipment
receives
its
electrical
power.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Enclosed
conductor
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
A
conductor
or
group
of
conductors
substantially
enclosed
to
prevent
accidental
contact.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Enclosure
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
A
housing
to
contain
electrical
components,
usually
specified
by a
NEMA
classification
number.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
End
approach
|
Bridge
Crane
|
The
minimum
horizontal
distance,
parallel
to
the
runway,
between
the
outermost
extremities
of
the
crane
and
the
centerline
of
the
hook.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
End
stop
|
Bridge
Crane
&
Runway
|
A
device
to
limit
travel
of a
trolley
or
crane
bridge.
This
device
normally
is
attached
to a
fixed
structure
and
normally
does
not
have
energy
absorbing
ability.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
End
tie
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
structural
member
other
than
the
end
truck
which
connects
the
ends
of
the
girders
to
maintain
the
squareness
of
the
bridge.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
End
truck
|
Bridge
Crane
|
An
assembly
consisting
of
the
frame
and
wheels
which
support
the
crane
girder(s)
and
allow
movement
along
the
runway.
(ASME
B30.11-1993)
|
End
truck
loa
|
Bridge
Crane
|
|
Equalizer
|
Hoist
|
A
device
which
compensates
for
unequal
length
or
stretch
of a
rope
or
chain.
(ASME
B30-16-1993)
|
Exposed
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
Applies
to
hazardous
objects
not
guarded
or
isolated
(capable
of
being
contacted
inadvertently).
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Fail-safe
|
General
|
A
provision
designed
to
automatically
stop
or
safely
Bridge
Crane
Control
any
motion
in
which
a
malfunction
occurs.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Field
wiring
|
General
|
The
wiring
required
after
erection
of
the
crane.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Fixed
axle
|
Bridge
Crane
|
An
axle
which
is
fixed
in
the
truck
and
on
which
the
wheel
revolves.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Fixed
Transfer
Section
|
|
See
Crossover.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Fixed
transfer
section
(also
known
as
crossover)
|
Monorail
|
A
connecting
track
with
an
interlock
mechanism
on
both
ends,
mounted
between
two
interlocking
cranes,
used
to
transfer
a
carrier
from
one
bridge
to
the
other.
(ASME
B30.11-1993)
|
Fleet
angle
|
Hoist
|
The
angle
formed
by
the
wire
rope
and
the
drum
groove
or
sheave
groove
in
the
plane
which
contains
the
wire
rope
and
is
parallel
to
the
drum
or
sheave
axis.
(WCH)
|
Floor
Bridge
Crane
Controlled
|
Bridge
Crane
Control
|
Motor
propelled
units
which
are
Bridge
Crane
Controlled
by an
operator
on
the
floor
by
means
of
pushbutton
station
suspended
from
the
overhead
equipment.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Foot
walk
|
Bridge
Crane
|
The
full
length
walkway
with
handrail
and
toeboards,
attached
to
the
bridge
or
trolley
for
access
purposes.
Not
to be
confused
with
an
access
platform
(usually
a
short
platform
provided
only
to
access
endtruck).
|
Force,
breakaway
|
Below
hook
device
|
— the
force
that
must
be
applied
to a
magnet
to
remove
it
from
a
piece
of
ferromagnetic
material
to
which
it is
magnetically
attached.
(ASME
B30.20-1985)
|
Fork
|
Below
hook
device
|
A
mechanical
device
for
use
on
interlocking
transfer
equipment
to
mechanically
prevent
passage.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Friction-type
pressure
gripping
lifters
|
Below
hook
device
|
Lifters
that
grip
the
load
without
significant
or
harmful
permanent
deformation
of
the
load
surface
(see
Figs.
17
through
21).
(ASME
B30.20-1985)
|
Gantry
crane
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
crane
similar
to an
overhead
crane
except
that
the
bridge
for
carrying
the
trolley
or
trolleys
is
rigidly
supported
on
two
or
more
legs
running
on
fixed
rails
or
other
runway.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Gantry
leg
|
Bridge
Crane
|
The
structural
member
which
supports
a
bridge
girder
or
end
tie
from
the
sill. (ASME
B30-17)
|
Gauge
|
Bridge
Crane
|
The
center-to-center
distance
between
the
load
carrying
flanges
of
the
two
crane
girders
of a
double
girder
crane.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Girder,
auxiliary
(outrigger)
|
Bridge
Crane
|
An
additional
girder,
either
solid
or
latticed,
arranged
parallel
to
the
bridge
girder(s)
for
supporting
the
foot-walk,
Bridge
Crane
Control
panels,
operator’s
cab,
etc.,
to
reduce
the
torsional
forces
such
loads
might
otherwise
impose.
(WCH)
|
Girder,
bridge
|
Bridge
Crane
|
The
principal
horizontal
beam(s)
of
the
crane,
which
supports
the
trolley,
is
supported
by
the
end
trucks,
and
is
perpendicular
to
the
runway.
(WCH)
|
Girder,
drive
(girder
“a”)
|
Bridge
Crane
|
The
bridge
girder
to
which
the
bridge
motor
and
gearcase(s)
are
attached.
For
cranes
having
a
drive
on
each
girder,
it is
the
girder
to
which
the
Bridge
Crane
Control
panels
and/or
the
cab
are
attached.
(WCH)
|
Girder,
idler
(girder
“b”)
|
Bridge
Crane
|
The
bridge
girder
which
does
not
have
the
bridge
drive
attached,
but
which
usually
carries
the
bridge
conductors.
(WCH)
|
Girder,
runway
|
Bridge
Crane
|
A
horizontal
beam
attached
to
the
building
columns
or
wall,
and
supporting
a
runway
rail
on
which
the
crane
travels.
(WCH)
|
Glide
switch
(sliding
switch)
|
Monorail
|
A
track
switch
with
a
movable
end
frame
containing
straight
and/or
curved
sections
of
track.
The
inner
frame
can
be
slid
to
align
these
sections
of
track
with
other
tracks
for
routing
carriers
from
one
track
to
another.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Grip
ratio
|
Below
hook
device
|
The
ratio
of
the
sum
of
the
horizontal
forces
on
one
side
of
the
load
to
the
live
weight
of
the
load.
For
example,
if
the
total
horizontal
force
on
one
side
of
the
load
is
100,000
lb.
and
the
live
load
is
50,000
lb.
the
grip
ratio
is 2.
For
purposes
of
this
calculation,
the
weight
of
the
load
does
not
include
the
weight
of
the
lifter
(see
Fig.
I).
(ASME
B30.20-1985)
|
Gripping
force
|
Below
hook
device
|
The
force
the
lifting
device
exerts
on
the
load.
(ASME
B30.20-1985)
|
Ground
fault
|
Bridge
Crane
Electrical
|
An
accidental
conducting
connection
between
the
electrical
circuit
or
equipment
and
the
earth
or
some
conducting
body
that
serves
in
place
of
the
earth.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Guide,
chain
|
Hoist
|
A
means
to
guide
the
load
chain
at
the
load
sprocket.
(ASME
B30-16-1993)
|
Hand
chain
|
Hoist
|
The
chain
provided
to
Bridge
Crane
Control
movement
of a
hand
chain
operated
trolley.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
Hanger
rod
|
Monorail
|
A
steel
rod
which,
together
with
other
fittings,
is
used
to
suspend
the
track
from
the
supporting
structure.
(ASME
B30.11-1993)
|
Hanger
rod.
|
Bridge
Crane
&
Monorail
|
Steel
rods
which,
together
with
other
fittings,
are
used
to
suspend
the
track
from
the
supporting
structure.
(ANSI
MH
27.1-1981)
|
Hazardous
(classified)
locations
|
Regulatory
|
Locations
where
fire
or
explosion
hazards
may
exist.
Locations
are
classified
depending
on
the
properties
of
the
flammable
vapors,
liquids
or
gases.
or
combustible
dusts
or
fibers
which
may
be
present
and
the
likelihood
that
a
flammable
or
combustible
concentration
or
quantity
is
present.
Refer
to
ANSI/NFPA
70.
— Class
I
locations
— Locations
in
which
flammable
gases
or
vapors
are
or
may
be
present
in
the
air
in
quantities
sufficient
to
produce
explosive
or
ignitable
mixtures
— Class
2
locations
— Locations
that
are
hazardous
because
of
the
presence
of
combustible
dust
— Class
3
locations
— Locations
that
are
hazardous
because
of
the
presence
of
easily
ignitable
fibers
or
filings,
but
in
which
such
fibers
or
filings
are
not
likely
to be
in
suspension
in
the
air
in
quantities
sufficient
to
produce
ignitable
mixtures. (ASME
B30-16-1993)
|
Headroom
|
Hoist
|
Headroom
is
measured
with
the
load
hook
at
its
upper
limit
of
travel
and
is
the
distance
from
the
saddle
of
the
load
hook
to
the
following
locations
(see
Fig.
1)
— (a)
centerline
of
the
suspension
holes
on
lug
suspended
hoists
[see
Fig.
1,
sketch
(a)];
— (b)
saddle
of
the
top
hook
on
hook
suspended
hoists
[see
Fig.
1,
sketch
(b)];
— (c)
bottom
of
the
beam
on
trolley
suspended
hoists
[see
Fig.
1,
sketch
(c)];
— (d)
supporting
surface
on
base
and
deck
mounted
hoists
[see
Fig.
1,
sketch
(d)];
— (e)
uppermost
point
of
hoist
on
wall
and
ceiling
mounted
hoists
[see
Fig.
1,
sketches
(e)
and
(f)].
.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
High
temperature
service
|
General
|
A condition
where
the
surface
to
which
the
vacuum
pad
(or
pads)
is
attached
is
above
2500F
(1200C). (ASME
B30.20-1985)
|
Hoist
|
Hoist
|
A
suspended
machinery
unit
which
is
used
for
lifting
or
lowering
a
freely
suspended
(unguided)
load.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
Hoist
motion
|
Hoist
|
That
motion
which
lifts
or
lowers
a
load.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Hoist
speed
|
Hoist
|
Hoist
speed
is
the
rate
of
motion
that
the
load
hook
attains
while
lifting
rated
load.
|
Hoist,
auxiliary
|
Hoist
|
A
supplemental
hoisting
unit,
usually
of
lower
load
rating
and
higher
speed
than
the
main
hoist.
(ASME
B30-17)
|
Hoist,
main
|
Hoist
|
The
primary
hoist
mechanism
provided
for
lifting
and
lowering
the
rated
load
of
the
crane.
(WCH)
|
Holding
brake
|
Hoist
|
A
friction
brake
for a
hoist
which
is
automatically
applied
and
prevents
motion
when
power
is
off.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
Hook
approach
|
Bridge
Crane
&
Hoist
|
The
minimum
horizontal
distance
between
the
center
of
the
runway
rail
and
the
hook.
(CMAA
Spec.
70)
|
Hook
approach,
end
|
Bridge
Crane
&
Hoist
|
The
minimum
horizontal
distance,
parallel
to
the
runway,
between
the
centerline
of
the
hook(s)
and
the
face
of
the
wall
(or
columns)
at
the
end
of
the
building.
(WCH)
|
Hook
approach,
side
|
Bridge
Crane
&
Hoist
|
The
minimum
horizontal
distance,
perpendicular
to
the
runway,
between
the
centerline
of a
hook
(main
or
auxiliary)
and
the
centerline
of
the
runway
rail.
(WCH)
|
Hook
suspended
|
Hoist
|
Suspension
of
hoist
from
a
trolley
or
rigid
structure
by
means
of a
hook(s)
at
top
of
hoist.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
Hook
to
hook
approach
|
Bridge
Crane
|
|
Hook;
latch
type
|
Hoist
|
A
type
of
hook
with
a
mechanical
device
to
bridge
the
throat
opening
of
the
hook.
(ASME
HST-4M-1991)
|
|










